Method and System for Electronic Toll Payment

ABSTRACT

A system and method for making electronic payments for tolls, parking and related transactions. A customer downloads an application onto their personal electronic device and registers the customer&#39;s vehicle and financial account information with a provider. The application detects upcoming toll facilities and notifies the customer. The customer can accept the payment of the toll through the application whereupon the provider makes a payment from the customer&#39;s designated account to the toll facility.

PRIORITY STATEMENT UNDER 35 U.S.C. §119 & 37 C.F.R. §1.78

This Non-Provisional application is a continuation of U.S.Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 12/859,113, filed Aug. 18,2010 in the name of Glenn Deitiker, J. Chris George, and Shannon FuentesSwank entitled “Method and System for Electronic Toll Payment,” whichclaims priority based upon prior U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/234,872 filed Aug. 18, 2009 in the name of Glenn Deitiker,J. Chris George, Shannon Fuentes Swank and Mark Swank entitled “VehicleTransaction System and Method,” the disclosures of each of which areincorporated herein in their entirety by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Traditional systems offer little customer choice for method of paymentat unmanned toll locations. For toll facilities in particular, open roadtolling (ORT) systems process vehicles at highway speeds with noopportunity to use a cash or coin machine for payment. Traditional ORTsystems use active or passive methods for identifying customersincluding radio frequency transponders or visual images of the vehiclelicense plate among others. Toll systems traditionally use a storedvalue account for each customer requiring an initial deposit to apply tofuture transactions. Before the stored value account is fully depleted,it is replenished from a customer's bank account, credit card or cashpayment at a service center. This is an inconvenient system at best forinfrequent users of a toll system. Users of multiple regional tollsystems may be required to open several accounts. There is a need,therefore, for an improved method of electronic payment in open roadtolling and other similar environments.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An electronic payment system enables payment for transactions atlocations such as toll roads, parking structures and drive-throughservice windows. The financial network system provides a serviceallowing customers to register one or more vehicles using a mutuallyaccepted method of identification and to make or confirm a paymentthrough a personal electronic device.

The financial network system provides customers the ability to choosethe method of payment for vehicle transaction systems either whenunattended, electronic processing of transactions is the only methodavailable or when a choice of unattended or attended transactions isavailable. The system does not require a stored value account but onemay be available.

In one embodiment of the invention, the customer downloads anapplication from a provisioner for their personal electronic device. Theapplication provides a registration process for linking financialaccounts to the financial network tied to the customer's account. Theapplication accepts customer information and financial accountinformation and securely transmits to the financial network. Thecustomer may enter more than one account, such as a credit card or bankaccount. The customer may enter license plate information for severalpersonally owned vehicles and associates each with a financial accountusing the application. This vehicle and account registration is sent tothe financial network. The customer drives toward a toll entry point andapplication on the personal electronic device announces the approachingtoll authority. The customer accepts the impending toll through thedevice using voice command or button press. The application communicatesthe authorization to the financial network which settles payment withthe toll system.

In another embodiment, the customer registers a credit card, bankaccount and/or a stored value account with the financial network. Thecustomer uses the toll system and, for example, has preselected the bankaccount to pay for tolls. The toll system detects the license plate andrequests payment from the financial network after the toll occurs. Thefinancial network sends the request for payment authorization to thecustomer's personal electronic device. The customer authorizes paymentwith the default account, or authorizes payment through a separateaccount. The financial network settles the transaction with the tollsystem and charges customer's bank account for the toll.

In another embodiment, the customer has registered with the financialnetwork using the downloaded application. The customer has a credit cardand bank account registered on the financial network. The customer rentsa car and adds the car's license plate to the application with anexpiration date three days later. The application notifies the financialnetwork of the addition. The customer uses a toll system and haspreselected the bank account to pay for tolls. The toll system detectsthe license plate for the rental car and requests payment from thefinancial network the day after the toll occurs which is after therental car is returned. The financial network sends the request forpayment authorization to the customer's personal electronic device. Theapplication notifies the user of the rental car period and that thetransaction occurred when the car was active with the application. Thecustomer authorizes payment with the default account which is theregistered bank account. The financial network settles the transactionwith the toll system and charges customer's bank account for the toll.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly certain aspects of the presentinvention in order that the detailed description of the invention thatfollows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages ofthe invention will be described hereinafter which form the subject ofthe claims of the invention. It should be appreciated by those skilledin the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may bereadily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structuresor processes for carrying out the same purposes of the presentinvention. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art thatsuch equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope ofthe invention as set forth in the appended claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present invention, and theadvantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptionstaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing the payment process for a customer inone embodiment of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention is directed to improved methods and systems forelectronic toll payment. The configuration and use of the presentlypreferred embodiments are discussed in detail below. It should beappreciated, however, that the present invention provides manyapplicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide variety ofcontexts other than traditional electronic toll collection, such asparking structures and drive through service windows. Accordingly, thespecific embodiments discussed are merely illustrative of specific waysto make and use the invention, and do not limit the scope of theinvention. In addition, the following terms shall have the associatedmeaning when used herein:

“application” means a software, firmware or other application capable ofoperating on a personal electronic device;

“automatic clearing house” means an electronic financial network forfinancial transactions used by the banking system;

“back-office system” means a system that processes and clears electronictransactions at a central location;

“electronic tolling” means the use of electronic identification toprocess vehicle transactions on a toll road, parking structure or othervehicle service;

“financial account” means an account with a bank, credit card or astored value account registered to an account owner;

“financial network” means a service network providing financial servicesapplicable to vehicle transactions for one or more toll facilities usingone or more financial accounts;

“global positioning system” or “GPS” means a satellite service providedto consumers to determine their location on the earth with highaccuracy;

“hardware token” means an electronic code to authenticate a person ordevice stored on an electronic device such as a USB key that isdedicated to storing the token;

“image transaction” means a vehicle transaction on a system where thevehicle is identified from an image of the license plate;

“IP address” means the Internet Protocol (IP) number used as anelectronic identifier in a networked system environment such as a localnetwork or the Internet;

“multimedia messaging service” or “MMS” means an electronic messageincluding multimedia including but now limited to images, sounds andfull motion video;

“open road tolling” or “ORT” means a system that allows vehicletransactions to be processed at highway speeds without customerinteraction;

“personal electronic device” means a mobile phone, personal digitalassistant, two way pager, or other device capable of receiving andtransmitting electronic communications.

“short message service” or “SMS” means an electronic text message to orfrom a personal electronic device such as a phone;

“software token” means an electronic code to authenticate a person ordevice stored in an electronic system such as a phone SIM card, magneticdisk or flash drive that is not dedicated to storing the token;

“payment card industry” or “PCI” means debit card, credit card, giftcards or other point of sale devices;

“registered plate” means a license plate that a customer has registeredwith a toll system;

“unregistered plate” means a license plate that a customer has notregistered with a toll system but acquired image based transactions;

“vehicle identification number” or “VIN” means the unique number issuedby a manufacturer to each motor vehicle;

“voice control” means a feature on a personal electronic device allowingthe user to interact with voice commands for hands-free usage; and

“X509” means a digital certificate standard for storing identityinformation of a device or person that is issued and authenticated by aCertificate Authority.

Registration Process

To register with the financial network, the consumer installs anapplication on their personal electronic device which becomes theprimary means of payment authorization. The application interfaces withelectronic features of the device including but not limited to GPS,camera, voice control and networking. During installation, theapplication will register the owner of the device using the primaryidentifier on the device such as a telephone number, IP address ormanufacturer's serial number. In some embodiments, the personalelectronic device will be provisioned with a digital certificate toauthenticate the owner of the account during all electronic transactionsfrom the device. All application features will be registered to theappropriate device components such as the camera, GPS and networkinginterface.

In order to process payments, the owner of the device is required toregister one or more payment methods to use within their financialaccount. Method of payment can be bank account, credit card or otherelectronic payment services. The registration may occur through a securenetwork interface on the device, the financial network's website, a callservice center or directly through a registered service provider for thefinancial network. Once the account is created, the account can beupdated as necessary by the owner through commercially acceptable means.All financial information is not stored on the device but is managedthrough a secure back office system operated by the financial network.

At any time after the account is created, the owner may register one ormore vehicles for vehicle transactions. Vehicles may be registered usinglicense plates, Vehicle Identification Number or other electronic meanssuch as passive or active radio frequency transmitters. For additionalconfirmation of license plates, the application allows the device ownerto take a picture of the license plate for comparison in electronictolls if a camera feature is available. The license plate image may beused for verification of electronic charges made with the vehicle. Theapplication will allow an expiration date on each vehicle to allowtemporary access such as when a consumer has a short term need such as arental car.

Account Management

The application, when installed on the device, allows the customer tosecurely interact with the financial network account associated with theapplication. The customer may modify payment options, activate anddeactivate vehicles, authorize payments or view their account history.The application may store account identity information through a varietyof means including account passcodes, hardware or software generatedtokens, an X509 or similar digital certificate.

In one embodiment, the application receives information from thefinancial network containing vehicle payment systems such as tollfacilities and parking systems and receive rates from each system. Thesesystem locations and rates will be transmitted to the device on demandor as an automatic update. The toll access locations and rates may bereviewed directly through the application.

The application can be used to set preferred financial accounts such ascredit card or bank account for each vehicle. The application may alsouse time and day ranges to associate an account with a vehicle. Theapplication can add temporary vehicles such as rental cars to thefinancial network account with an active range of dates and times. Theapplication can associate specific toll systems to different financialaccounts. The user can set the application to automatically approvetransactions for specific combinations of vehicles, toll systems anddate time ranges. The application communicates directly to the financialnetwork when messages can be sent and acknowledged. The application willretain customer preferences until the financial network can be accessedand messages are sent and acknowledged. The application retains customerpreferences for direct interaction when a message cannot be sent orreceived to the financial network.

Transaction Process

Transaction authorization and processing may take two forms, an activeprocess and a passive process. The active process involves use of thegeolocation system on the device which is independent of the tollfacility and the application. When the device approaches a supportedtoll system, a “pre-authorization” alert will be activated on the screenand an audible notification will be made. The audible notification couldinclude a verbal announcement of the tolling site name and a request forpayment authorization. The audible notification could be a rhythmicsound such as a ringtone to announce the request for paymentauthorization. The authorization may be made by voice if voice controlis enabled on the device or through a button press or other manualinteraction with the personal electronic device housing the application.The device will record the transaction with the toll system and anauthorization event if it is provided and submit the informationelectronically to the financial network when communications areavailable. Payment processing will be coordinated directly between thetolling system and financial network but the method of payment isdetermined through the application.

The passive process involves tolling after-the-fact. This may occur ifthe device was not present in the vehicle or was not activated at thetime the toll occurred. The toll system will detect the vehicle thoughelectronic or manual methods and match the vehicle to the financialaccount using the vehicle license plate, radio frequency transmitter, orother automatic or manual vehicle identification system. The toll systemwill submit an electronic request for authorization through thefinancial network which communicates to the user through theapplication. The application communicates the appropriate financialaccount based on the time the transaction occurred and when the vehiclewas active on the account if configured on the application. Theapplication provides the consumer an electronic message, either audibly,visually or both, with details of one or more transactions for approval.The consumer may actively accept payment or dispute the payment throughthe application. The application will update the financial networksrecords through an electronic message.

Reconciliation Process

Once payment is approved, the account holder's financial account will becharged for the toll transactions based on the contracted rates.Financial reconciliation and settlement of the transactions will be madebetween financial network and the toll system. The application has theability to compare transaction times with vehicle activation periods sotemporary access vehicles are processed against the appropriate account.Electronic transaction records will be made available to all parties inthe financial transaction including the consumer and the toll system.The information may be made available through the application ifconfigured by the user.

Disputes may occur if the device owner decides to dispute thetransaction. The license plate image captured by the phone may be usedby the financial network to verify that the transaction vehicle matchesthe registered account. This provides an additional method ofverification for payment. The financial network may communicate thedispute resolution to the consumer through the application or by othermethods.

In one embodiment of the invention, the customer downloads the inventionfrom a provisioner for their personal electronic device. The applicationprovides a registration process for linking financial accounts to thefinancial network tied to the customer's account. The applicationaccepts customer information and financial account information andsecurely transmits to the financial network. The customer enters morethan one account such as a credit card, bank account. The customerenters license plate information for several personally owned vehiclesand associates each with a financial account using the application. Theapplication submits this vehicle and account registration to thefinancial network. The customer drives toward a toll entry point and thepersonal electronic device containing the application announces theapproaching toll authority. The customer accepts the impending tollthrough the device using voice command or button press. The applicationcommunicates the authorization to the financial network which settlespayment with the toll system.

In another embodiment, the customer has registered with the financialnetwork using the application. The customer may have a credit card, bankaccount and/or a stored value account with the toll system. The customeruses the toll system and, for example, has preselected the bank accountto pay for tolls. The toll system detects the license plate and requestspayment from the financial network the day after the toll occurs. Thefinancial network sends the request for payment authorization to thecustomer's personal electronic device. The customer authorizes paymentwith the default account which is the registered bank account. Thefinancial network settles the transaction with the toll system andcharges customer's bank account for the toll.

In another embodiment, the customer registers with the financial networkusing the application. The customer has, for example, a credit card andbank account registered on the financial network. The customer uses thetoll system and has preselected the bank account to pay for tolls. Thetoll system detects the license plate and requests payment from thefinancial network the day after the toll occurs. The financial networksends the request for payment authorization to the customer's personalelectronic device. The customer responds by changing the method ofpayment to the credit card account and authorizes payment for thetransaction. The financial network settles the transaction with the tollsystem and charges customer's credit card for the toll.

In another embodiment, the customer has registered with the financialnetwork using the application. The customer has a credit card and bankaccount registered on the financial network. The customer rents a carand adds the car's license plate to application with an expiration date3 days later. The application notifies the financial network of theaddition. The customer uses a toll system and has preselected the bankaccount to pay for tolls. The toll system detects the license plate forthe rental car and requests payment from the financial network the dayafter the toll occurs which is after the rental car is returned. Thefinancial network sends the request for payment authorization to theapplication and the personal electronic device notifies the customer.The application notifies the user of the rental car period and that thetransaction occurred when the car was active with the application. Thecustomer authorizes payment with the default account which is theregistered bank account. The financial network settles the transactionwith the toll system and charges customer's bank account for the toll.

While the present system and method has been disclosed according to thepreferred embodiment of the invention, those of ordinary skill in theart will understand that other embodiments have also been enabled. Eventhough the foregoing discussion has focused on particular embodiments,it is understood that other configurations are contemplated. Inparticular, even though the expressions “in one embodiment” or “inanother embodiment” are used herein, these phrases are meant togenerally reference embodiment possibilities and are not intended tolimit the invention to those particular embodiment configurations. Theseterms may reference the same or different embodiments, and unlessindicated otherwise, are combinable into aggregate embodiments. Theterms “a”, “an” and “the” mean “one or more” unless expressly specifiedotherwise. The term “connected” means “communicatively connected” unlessotherwise defined.

When a single embodiment is described herein, it will be readilyapparent that more than one embodiment may be used in place of a singleembodiment. Similarly, where more than one embodiment is describedherein, it will be readily apparent that a single embodiment may besubstituted for that one device.

In light of the wide variety of transportation payment systems, thedetailed embodiments are intended to be illustrative only and should notbe taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Rather, what is claimedas the invention is all such modifications as may come within the spiritand scope of the following claims and equivalents thereto.

None of the description in this specification should be read as implyingthat any particular element, step or function is an essential elementwhich must be included in the claim scope. The scope of the patentedsubject matter is defined only by the allowed claims and theirequivalents. Unless explicitly recited, other aspects of the presentinvention as described in this specification do not limit the scope ofthe claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for making payments, comprising:providing, by one or more processors, an application to a customer forinstallation on a personal electronic device; registering, by the one ormore processors, the customer's vehicle's license plate and financialaccount information with a financial network, wherein the financialnetwork is communicatively connected to a vehicle license platedetection device that is located within a toll facility; detecting,through the vehicle license plate detection device, the customer'svehicle's license plate at the toll facility; paying a toll charge forthe customer's use of the toll facility by debiting the customer'sfinancial account and paying the toll facility; and notifying thecustomer through the application that the customer has paid the tollcharge.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the financial network is anetwork providing services specifically for toll facilities and not acellular phone carrier.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tollfacility is a parking facility.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein theregistration is performed online by the customer.
 5. The method of claim1, wherein the customer receives the notification on the customer'spersonal electronic device.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein, at thetime of registration or thereafter, the customer designates a financialaccount for processing the payment when utilizing the toll facilityduring certain periods of time and designates another financial accountfor processing the payment when utilizing the toll facility during otherperiods.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at such time as the customerreceives notification when approaching the toll facility, the customeris provided with an option to refuse the payment.
 8. The method of claim1, wherein after receiving notification that the toll charge has beenpaid, the customer is provided with an option to dispute the payment. 9.The method of claim 1, wherein when the financial account is closed orcontains insufficient funds to make the payment, the payment is madethrough another account designated by the customer.
 10. A method formaking payments, comprising: providing an application to a customer forinstallation on a personal electronic device; registering the customer'svehicle and financial account; detecting the customer's vehicle at suchtime as the customer passes through a toll facility; after the customerpasses through the toll facility, notifying the customer through theapplication of the toll charges for using the toll facility; receivinginstructions from the customer through the application to pay the tollcharges; and paying fees for the customer's use of the toll facility bydebiting the customer's financial account and paying the toll facility.11. The method of claim 1, further including registering a date on whichthe paying a toll charge for the customer's use of the toll facility bydebiting the customer's financial account and paying the toll facilitycommences and a date on which the paying a toll charge for thecustomer's use of the toll facility by debiting the customer's financialaccount and paying the toll facility stops.
 12. The method of claim 1,wherein the application is configured so that the customer may take apicture of the customer's license plate for use by the toll facility forverification.
 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the application isconfigured to display toll access locations and rates.
 14. A method formaking payments, comprising: providing, by one or more processors, anapplication to customers for installation on a personal electronicdevice; registering, by the one or more processors, a customer'svehicle's license plate and financial account; detecting the customer ata toll facility using the personal electronic device's geolocationsystem; paying fees for the customer's use of the toll facility bydebiting the customer's financial account and paying the toll facility;and notifying the customer through the application that the customer haspaid the toll charge.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the personalelectronic device is not present in the vehicle while the vehicle passesthrough the toll facility.
 16. The method of claim 1, wherein thepersonal electronic device is not activated while the vehicle is passingthrough the toll facility.
 17. The method of claim 10, wherein thepersonal electronic device is not present in the vehicle while thevehicle is passing through the toll facility.
 18. The method of claim10, wherein the personal electronic device is not activated while thevehicle is passing through the toll facility.
 19. A method for makingpayments, comprising: providing, by one or more processors, anapplication to customers for installation on a personal electronicdevice; providing, by one or more processors, an application to a driverfor installation on a personal electronic device; registering, by theone or more processors, the customer's financial account and thedriver's financial account; registering, by the one or more processors,the driver's vehicle's license plate; detecting the driver at a tollfacility using the personal electronic device's geolocation system;debiting the customer's financial account and paying the driver theamount of the toll facility's fee; debiting the driver's financialaccount and paying the toll facility the amount of the toll facility'sfee. paying fees for the driver's use of the toll facility by facility;and notifying the customer through the application that the tollfacility's fee has been paid.